Introduction: Parasitic leiomyomas are extremely rare benign smooth muscle tumors that develop independently of the uterus. They may arise spontaneously from pedunculated subserosal fibroids that detach and establish an independent blood supply from surrounding structures, or they may develop iatrogenically following laparoscopic morcellation. Owing to their nonspecific clinical and radiologic features, they are often misdiagnosed preoperatively. Surgical excision with histopathological verification remains the standard of care. Case report: We present the case of a 51-year-old postmenopausal woman with progressive abdominal distension and a sensation of pelvic pressure. Imaging revealed a large heterogeneous abdominopelvic mass measuring 30 × 20 cm, compressing adjacent bowel loops and major vessels. The uterus was myomatous but of normal size, and both ovaries appeared unremarkable. The patient underwent open surgical resection of the mass with total hysterectomy, bilateral adnexectomy, and omentectomy. Intraoperatively, a giant tumor connected to the uterine fundus by a thin pedicle was identified. Histopathological examination confirmed a benign leiomyoma without atypia or necrosis and a Ki-67 proliferation index below 1%. The postoperative course was uneventful, and the patient remained asymptomatic three months after surgery. Conclusion: Primary parasitic leiomyomas are exceedingly uncommon, particularly in patients without a history of prior gynecologic surgery. They should be considered in the differential diagnosis of large abdominopelvic masses. This case emphasizes the importance of comprehensive diagnostic evaluation and highlights that parasitic leiomyomas can attain remarkable size while maintaining benign histological features.

The development of colposcopy and the Papanicolaou (Pap) test marked a turning point in the prevention and early detection of one of the most aggressive gynecological cancers—cervical carcinoma. Hans Hinselmann (1884–1959) first used the colposcope in March 1924 and published his research, along with a description of the instrument, in 1925. This year is considered the beginning of the colposcopic era. Using his device, Hinselmann was able to identify early stages of cervical cancer and describe epithelial changes he termed “precancerous lesions.” He emphasized the importance of systematic prevention and advocated for the establishment of centers dedicated to early cervical cancer detection. Although a persistent and methodical researcher, Hinselmann crossed ethical boundaries under the Nazi regime, participating in forced sterilization programs of women from 1935 onward. After World War II, he spent three years in prison (1946–1949), was removed from clinical work, and later incriminated for his involvement. Following his sentence, he was allowed to practice privately until his retirement in 1949. Hinselmann died in 1959 in Goethehaus. In Serbia, the first article on the importance of colposcopy in gynecological diagnostics was published by Berislav Berić in 1954. Štucinova and Mladen Broćić were pioneers in introducing colposcopy in the country. The Section for Colposcopy and Cervical Pathology was established on September 26, 1995, in Brezovica, marking the institutionalization of this field in Serbia. With the adoption of a new Statute on November 12, 2006, the Section evolved into the Serbian Association for Colposcopy and Cervical Pathology.